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 ====== Nonwestern Primary Source Materials ====== ====== Nonwestern Primary Source Materials ======
 ---- ----
-===== Rationale ===== +====== Rationale ====== 
-As with my premodern list, this list represents warrior women in the nonwestern cultures related to India and Hinduism, the Middle-East and the Islam, and Nigeria and Hausa folklore. I have traced the concept of the Amazon myth in a circle from Greece and Italy to Scandinavia, down through the Middle-East, Syria in particular, into India, and around to Nigeria, pointing towards Greece once more. Every area has stories about warrior women in their mythos, and they have a lot in common. The majority are archers, for example. Unlike the  Greek and Norse mythos, the women in the Mahabharata and the Qu'ran are religious figures themselves, either aiding the male protagonist or defending him. This list compiles variations of these religious texts. I needed to make sure the various translations and meanings in the texts were similar. Neither of these books translates well into English. The Dahomey Amazons are something that has only recently come of interest after they were revealed to be the inspiration for the Dora Milaje warriors in Black Panther. Most of what I have gathered on the Dahomey Amazons is through ethnographic pieces and collections of oral stories and accounts. Mny of these texts appear theoretical because of their titles, but they are the only sources for some of these stories and myths. I have added as much Hausa folklore as I could find that influences the Nigerian archetype. The authors of modern African/Nigerian American speculative fiction, formerly Afrofuturism, are essentially putting a lot of these archetypes in print for the first time. +As with my premodern list, this list represents warrior women in the nonwestern cultures related to India and Hinduism, the Middle-East and the Islam, and Nigeria and Hausa folklore. I have traced the concept of the Amazon myth in a circle from Greece and Italy to Scandinavia, down through the Middle-East, Syria in particular, into India, and around to Nigeria, pointing towards Greece once more. Every area has stories about warrior women in their mythos, and they have a lot in common. The majority are archers, for example. Unlike the  Greek and Norse mythos, the women in the Mahabharata and the Qu'ran are religious figures themselves, not their "army," either aiding the male protagonist or defending him. This list compiles variations of these religious texts. I needed to make sure the various translations and meanings in the texts were similar. Neither of these books translates well into English. The Dahomey Amazons are something that has only recently come of interest to scholars, and myself only after they were revealed to be the inspiration for the Dora Milaje warriors in Black Panther. Most of what I have gathered on the Dahomey Amazons is through ethnographic pieces and collections of oral stories and accounts. Many of these texts appear theoretical because of their titles, but they are the only sources for some of these stories and myths. I have added as much Hausa folklore as I could find that influences the Nigerian archetype. The authors of modern African/Nigerian American speculative fiction, formerly Afrofuturism, are essentially putting a lot of these archetypes in print for the first time. In all, there are **27** texts total with 3 duplicates that are stories and tales. 
 ---- ----
-  +===== North and West African  ===== 
  
-[[Achebe, Chinua. “Chike’s School Days.”]]+[[Achebe, Chinua]] “Chike’s School Days.” (story)
  
-[[Akbar, Shaik. Khawla bint Al Azwar The Woman who fought like Khalid bin Walid.]] +[[Akinjogbin, I.A.]] Dahomey and its Neighbors, 1708-1818. 
  
-[[Akinjogbin, I.A. Dahomey and its Neighbors, 1708-1818.]] +[[Alpern, Stanley B.]] “On the Origins of the Amazons of Dahomey”
  
-[[Alpern, Stanley B. “On the Origins of the Amazons of Dahomey”]] +[[Bay, Edna G.]] “Wives of the leopard: gender, politics, and culture in the Kingdom of  
 +Dahomey,” (stories and accounts within)
  
-[[Bahagavad-Gita]]+[[Blier, Suzanne Preston.]] Not useful! 
 + “’The Path of the Leopard’ Motherhood and Majesty in Early  
 +Danhome,  
 +[[Cartwright, Keith.]] Reading Africa into American Literature Epics, Fables, and Gothic Tales. (stories)
  
-[[Bay, Edna G. “Wives of the leopard: gender, politics, and culture in the Kingdom of  +[[Johnson, Elizabeth Ofosuah]] “The untold story of She-Dong-Hong-Beh, warrior princess  
-Dahomey,”]] +of the Dahomey Amazons in the 1800s.” (true story)
  
-[[Blier, Suzanne Preston. “’The Path of the Leopard’ Motherhood and Majesty in Early  +[[Mkandaŵire, Mjura, and Andrea Matthews]] Old Nyaviyuyi in Performance: Seven Tales  
-Danhome,”]] +from Northern Malawi as Told by a Master Performer of the Oral Narrative. (stories)
  
-[[Cartwright, Keith. Reading Africa into American Literature Epics, Fables, and Gothic Tales.]] +[[Morton-Williams, Peter]] “A Yoruba Woman Remembers Servitude in a Palace of Dahomey,  
 +in the Reigns of Kings Glele and Behhanzin.” (true story)
  
-[[Datta, Somdip. Seeds of War: The Lilbox Mahabharata Book 1]]+[[New York Sun “The Amazons of Dahomey: An Account of the Female Warriors of an  
 +African Kingdom]]New York Sun
  
-[[Du, Nguyen. The Tale of Kieu]] +[[Shaihu, Maalam]] Hausa Folklore (stories)
-[[Global Nepali Museum. “The Androgynous Form of Shiva and Parvati (Ardhanarishvara),”]] +
  
-[[Harvard Divinity School. “The Third Gender and Hijras,”]] +[[Smith, Alexander, McCall]] The No. 1 Ladies’ Detective Agency (story)
  
-[[Heath, Jennifer. The Scimitar and the Veil: Extraordinary Women of Islam.]] +--Tears of the Giraffe (story)
  
-[[Johnson, Elizabeth Ofosuah “The untold story of She-Dong-Hong-Beh, warrior princess  +[[Stewart, Dianne]] Folktales from Africa (stories)
-of the Dahomey Amazons in the 1800s.”]] +
  
-[[Knappert, Jan. An Encyclopedia of Myth and Legend: Indian Mythology]]+[[Sunjatta A West African Epic of the Mande Peoples]] (story)
  
-[[Mahabharata India’s Greatest Epic, by Chandrakant, Kamala]]+[[Tremearne, A.J.N.]] Hausa Superstitions and Customs: An Introduction to the Folk-Lore and  
 +the Folk (stories)
  
-[[Mahabharata. Trans. C. Rajagopalachari]] 
  
-[[Mkandaŵire, Mjura, and Andrea Matthews. Old Nyaviyuyi in Performance: Seven Tales  +===== Middle-Eastern/Islamic =====
-from Northern Malawi as Told by a Master Performer of the Oral Narrative.]]+
  
-[[Morley, Farrah. The Spider and the Doves: The Story of the Hijras]]+[[Akbar, Shaik]] Khawla bint Al Azwar The Woman who fought like Khalid bin Walid. (story)
  
-[[Morton-Williams, Peter. “A Yoruba Woman Remembers Servitude in a Palace of Dahomey,  +[[Heath, Jennifer]] The Scimitar and the Veil: Extraordinary Women of Islam (stories)
-in the Reigns of Kings Glele and Behhanzin.”]] +
  
-[[New York Sun “The Amazons of Dahomey: An Account of the Female Warriors of an  +[[Previato, Tommaso]] “A Neglected Genealogy of the Martyred Heroines of Islam: (Re)- 
-African Kingdom]]+writing Women’s Participation in Jihad Into the History of Late Imperial Gansu” (stories within) 
 + 
 +[[Qur’an, The]] (religious text) 
 + 
 +[[Satrapi, Marjane]] The Complete Persepolis (story) 
 + 
 +--- Embroideries (stories) 
 + 
 +[[Thousand and One Nights, The]] (stories) 
 + 
 +[[Wilson, G. Willow]] Alif the Unseen (story) 
 + 
 + 
 +===== Indian/Hindu ===== 
 + 
 +[[Bahagavad-Gita]] (religious text) 
  
-[[Previato, Tommaso. “A Neglected Genealogy of the Martyred Heroines of Islam: (Re)- +[[Datta, Somdip]] Seeds of War: The Lilbox Mahabharata Book 1 (religious text)
-writing Women’s Participation in Jihad Into the History of Late Imperial Gansu,”]] +
  
-[[Qur’an, The]].+[[https://globalnepalimuseum.com/objects/the-androgynous-form-of-shiva-and-parvati-ardhanarishvara/|Global Nepali Museum]] “The Androgynous Form of Shiva and Parvati (Ardhanarishvara)” (sculpture)
  
-[[Satrapi, Marjane. The Complete Persepolis]]+[[Harvard Divinity School]] “The Third Gender and Hijras” 
  
-[[-- Embroideries]]+[[Knappert, Jan]] An Encyclopedia of Myth and Legend: Indian Mythology
  
-[[Seid, Betty. “The Lord Who Is Half Woman (Ardhanarishvara).”]] +[[Mahabharata India’s Greatest Epic, by Chandrakant, Kamala]] (religious text)
  
-[[Shaihu, Maalam Hausa Folklore]]+[[Mahabharata]] Trans. C. Rajagopalachari (religious text)
  
-[[Smith, Alexander, McCall. The No. 1 Ladies’ Detective Agency +[[Nanda, Serena]] Neither Man nor Woman - The Hijras of India
---Tears of the Giraffe]]+
  
-[[Stewart, Dianne, Folktales from Africa]]+[[Seid, Betty]] “The Lord Who Is Half Woman (Ardhanarishvara).” (story within)
  
-[[Sunjatta: A West African Epic of the Mande Peoples]]+[[Women of Note]]
  
-[[Thousand and One Nights, The]]+===== Miscellaneous ===== 
 +[[Du, Nguyen]] The Tale of Kieu (story)
  
-[[Tremearne, A.J.N. Hausa Superstitions and Customs: An Introduction to the Folk-Lore and  
-the Folk]] 
  
-[[Wilson, G. Willow. Alif the Unseen]] 
  
nonwestern_primary_source_material.1645743691.txt.gz · Last modified: 2022/02/24 23:01 by jl

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